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为探讨COⅠ基因作为DNA条形码在裸胸鳝属(Gymnothorax)鱼类物种鉴定的有效性,本研究通过PCR扩增及测序获得了我国沿海分布的10种裸胸鳝鱼类线粒体细胞色素氧化酶亚基Ⅰ(COⅠ)基因部分序列,结合GenBank下载的3种裸胸鳝共13种31个个体线粒体COⅠ基因序列,利用MEGA5.0计算种内与种间遗传距离,基于邻接法与最大似然法构建了分子系统进化树.结果显示:13种裸胸鳝种内遗传距离0.000～0.007之间,平均遗传距离为0.003;种间遗传距离在0.005～0.243之间,除了淡网纹裸胸鳝(Gymnothorax pesudothyrsoideus)与匀斑裸胸鳝(Gymnothorax reevesii)为0.005,其他裸胸鳝种间遗传距离均大于2%,平均遗传距离为0.187,表明COⅠ基因可作为裸胸鳝鱼类物种鉴定条形码基因,但也存在一定局限性.进化树上,13种裸胸鳝属鱼类主要形成4个分支,其中密点裸胸鳝(Gymnothorax thyrsoideus)位于进化树基部,进化地位最为原始.淡网纹裸胸鳝与匀斑裸胸鳝相互聚集在一起,没有形成各自单系分支.但形态上两者差异较大,排除同种异名可能性,揭示其可能存在自然杂交引起基因渗透.另外,本研究采集的美丽裸胸鳝(Gymnothorax formosus)与NCBI上公布的美丽裸胸鳝COⅠ序列差异达5.5%,进化树上也能明显区分,有可能揭示其为新的隐存种.
Abstract：To investigate the availability of using COⅠsequences as DNA barcodes to identify Gymnothorax species, partial sequences of mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunitⅠ(COⅠ) gene of 10 Gymnothorax speices from China sea were obtained by PCR amplification and sequencing. Combining with COⅠ gene sequence of 3 Gymnothorax species from GenBank, a total of 31 individual COⅠ sequences of 13 Gymnothorax species were obtained. Genetic distances of inter-and intra-species were calculated using MEGA 5.0 and the molecular phylogenetic trees were constructed using neighbour-joining and maximum likelihood methods. The results showed that intra-species genetic distance within the 13 Gymnothorax species were between 0.000-0.007 and the average genetic distance was 0.003; the inter-genetic distances among species were 0.005-0.243. Except for the distance between Gymnothorax pesudothyrsoideus and Gymnothorax reevesii was 0.005, inter-genetic distances among other Gymnothorax species were more than 2% and the average genetic distance was 0.187, indicating that the COⅠ gene could be used as the barcode gene for the Gymnothorax identification, but also had certain limitations. In the molecular phylogenetic tree, 13 Gymnothorax species mainly formed four branches, species Gymnothorax thyrsoideus was first separated and located at the base of the tree, indicating its lowest evolutionary status. Individuals of species G. pesudothyrsoideus and G. reevesii were crossed clustering together and could not formed each species monophyletic branch. However, there were significant differences in morphological character, excluding the possibility of synonyms, gene penetration caused by natural hybridization might exist between the two species. In addition, the COⅠ sequence of our sample Gymnothorax formosus was 5.5% different from the G. formosus obtained from GenBank, and their evolutionary status could also be clearly distinguished from the phylogenetic tree, indicating that species G. formosus sampled in this study may possibly be a new cryptic species.
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基本信息:
中图分类号:S917.4
引用信息:
[1]范蔓桦,杨杰銮,谢瑞琳,等.我国沿海裸胸鳝属鱼类DNA条形码及分子系统进化研究[J].仲恺农业工程学院学报,2020,33(02):59-65.
基金信息:
国家自然科学基金(31802300); 广东省自然科学基金(2018A0303130104); 广东省科技计划(2017A040403060); 广东省重点领域研发计划(2019B020215001)资助项目
2020-06-15
2020-06-15